Urinary tract infection
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common and important clinical problem in childhood.
An upper urinary infections (ie, acute pyelonephritis) can lead to kidney scarring. If not treated properly this can lead to hypertension and end-stage kidney disease in adult life. Although children with pyelonephritis tend to have a fever, it is often clinically difficult to distinguish cystitis (lower urinary tract infection) from pyelonephritis, especially in young children (less than two years of age).
There are some risk factors that can predispose children to urinary tract infections, such as a malformation or abnormality of the urinary tract.
An evaluation by an expert is necessary to detect the cause of the infections and avoid complications in the patient.